Oprah Winfrey

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Oprah Winfrey

Born to an unwed teenage mother, Oprah Winfrey spent her first years on her grandmother’s farm in Kosciusko, Mississippi, while her mother looked for work in the North. Life on the farm was primitive, but her grandmother taught her to read very early, and at age three Oprah was reciting poems and Bible verses in local churches. Despite the hardships of her physical environment, she enjoyed the loving support of her grandmother and the church community, who cherished her as a gifted child.

In the summer of 1971, Oprah Winfrey won the Miss Fire Prevention contest sponsored by the local radio station WVOL in Nashville, Tennessee. When she went back to the radio station to claim her prize, a Longines watch and a “digital” clock radio, the DJ asked if she’d ever heard her voice on tape and gave her some wire copy to read. She left with the biggest prize of all — her first job in broadcasting. She was 17 years old. (Photo credit: Oprah Winfrey)

Her world changed for the worse at age six, when she was sent to Milwaukee to live with her mother, who had found work as a housemaid. In the long days when her mother was absent from their inner-city apartment, young Oprah was repeatedly molested by male relatives and another visitor.

June 26, 1978: Oprah Winfrey upon becoming co-anchor of Eyewitness News on WJZ, with cohost Jerry Turner in Baltimore, Maryland. (Getty Images)
June 26, 1978: Oprah Winfrey becomes co-anchor of WJZ’s Eyewitness News in Baltimore, Maryland. (Getty Images)

The abuse, which lasted from the ages of nine to 13, was emotionally devastating. When she tried to run away, she was sent to a juvenile detention home, only to be denied admission because all the beds were filled. At 14, she was out of the house and on her own. By her own account, she was sexually promiscuous as a teenager. After giving birth to a baby boy who died in infancy, she went to Nashville, Tennessee to live with her father.

Left: Awards Council member and the Banquet moderator Oprah Winfrey presents the American Academy of Achievement’s Golden Plate Award to acclaimed author, poet, and civil rights activist Maya Angelou during 1990 Academy of Achievement Summit in Chicago, Illinois. Center: Academy guest of honor Oprah Winfrey and Academy member Nobel laureate Leon Lederman at the Banquet of the Golden Plate ceremonies during the 1989 Academy of Achievement Summit in San Francisco; Right: Academy guest of honor Oprah Winfrey addresses delegates and members at the Banquet of the Golden Plate at the 1989 Achievement Summit in San Francisco.

Vernon Winfrey was a strict disciplinarian, but he gave his daughter the secure home life she needed. He saw to it that she met a curfew, and he required her to read a book and write a book report each week. “As strict as he was,” says Oprah, “he had some concerns about me making the best of my life, and would not accept anything less than what he thought was my best.” In this structured environment, Oprah flourished, and became an honor student, winning prizes for oratory and dramatic recitation.

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1990: The Oprah Winfrey Show aired nationally for 25 seasons from September 8, 1986 to May 25, 2011 in Chicago. Produced and also hosted by Oprah Winfrey, it remains the highest-rated talk show in American television history.

At age 17, Oprah Winfrey won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty pageant and was offered an on-air job at WVOL, a radio station serving the African American community in Nashville. She also won a full scholarship to Tennessee State University, where she majored in speech communications and performing arts. Oprah continued to work at WVOL in her first years of college, but her broadcasting career was already taking off. She left school and signed on with a local television station as a reporter and anchor.

Television personality, actress and media entrepreneur Oprah Winfrey with producer and composer Quincy Jones in New York City, 1995. Quincy Jones cast Oprah Winfrey in The Color Purple which changed the trajectory of her career. She had never acted, and he said, "Baby, your future is so bright, it burns my eyes." (Time Life Pictures)
Television personality, actress and media entrepreneur Oprah Winfrey with producer and composer Quincy Jones in New York City, 1995. Quincy Jones cast Oprah Winfrey in The Color Purple, which changed the trajectory of her career. She had never acted, and he said, “Baby, your future is so bright, it burns my eyes.” (© Time Life Pictures)

In 1976, she moved to Baltimore to join WJZ-TV News as a co-anchor. There, she co-hosted her first talk show, People Are Talking, while continuing to serve as anchor and news reporter. She had found a niche that perfectly suited her outgoing, empathetic personality, and word soon spread to other cities. In January 1984, she was invited to Chicago to host a faltering half-hour morning program on WLS-TV. In less than a year, she turned AM Chicago into the hottest show in town. The format was soon expanded to an hour, and in September 1985 it was renamed The Oprah Winfrey Show.

The 1985 period drama film
The 1985 period drama film The Color Purple, directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Whoopi Goldberg, Danny Glover, and Oprah Winfrey, based on Alice Walker’s Pulitzer prize-winning novel. (John D. Kisch and Getty Images)

A year later, The Oprah Winfrey Show was broadcast nationally, and quickly became the number one talk show in national syndication. In 1987, its first year of eligibility, the show received three Daytime Emmy Awards in the categories of Outstanding Host, Outstanding Talk/Service Program and Outstanding Direction. The following year, the show received its second consecutive Emmy as Outstanding Talk/Service Program, and Oprah herself received the International Radio and Television Society’s “Broadcaster of the Year” Award. She was the youngest person ever to receive the honor.

Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison joins Oprah Winfrey on Oprah
Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison joins Oprah Winfrey on Oprah’s Book Club in 1996. (© Reuters/CORBIS)

By the time America fell in love with Oprah Winfrey the talk show host, she had already captured the nation’s attention with her poignant portrayal of Sofia in Steven Spielberg’s 1985 adaptation of Alice Walker’s novel The Color Purple. Winfrey’s performance earned her nominations for an Oscar and a Golden Globe Award as Best Supporting Actress. Critics again lauded her performance in Native Son, a movie adaptation of Richard Wright’s classic 1940 novel.

TIME magazine featured Oprah on the cover of its October 5, 1998 issue. (Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)
TIME magazine featured Oprah Winfrey on the cover of its October 5, 1998 issue. (Time Life Pictures/Getty Images)

Her love of acting and her desire to bring quality entertainment projects into production prompted her to form her own production company, Harpo Productions, Inc., in 1986. Today, Harpo is a formidable force in film and television production, as well as magazine publishing and the Internet. In 1988, Harpo Productions, Inc. acquired ownership and all production responsibilities for The Oprah Winfrey Show from Capital Cities/ABC, making Oprah Winfrey the first woman in history to own and produce her own talk show. The following year, Harpo produced its first television miniseries, The Women of Brewster Place, with Oprah Winfrey as star and executive producer. It was quickly followed by the TV movies There Are No Children Here (1993), and Before Women Had Wings (1997), which she both produced and appeared in.

Tina Turner performing with Oprah Winfrey on stage at the launch party for Winfrey
April 2000: Tina Turner performing with Oprah on stage at the launch party for her new magazine, O, in New York.

Initially, The Oprah Winfrey Show followed a model established by other daytime talk shows, employing sensational stories and outrageous guests to attract viewers, but since the 1990s, Oprah began to emphasize spiritual values, healthy living and self-help, and her program became more popular than ever. Motivated in part by her own memories of childhood abuse, she initiated a campaign to establish a national database of convicted child abusers, and testified before a U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee on behalf of a National Child Protection Act. President Clinton signed the “Oprah Bill” into law in 1993, establishing the national database she had sought, which is now available to law enforcement agencies and concerned parties across the country.

Oprah’s show also continued to attract the top names in the entertainment industry; a 1993 interview with the reclusive entertainer Michael Jackson drew 100 million viewers, making it the most-watched interview in television history. Oprah Winfrey was named one of the “100 Most Influential People of the 20th Century” by Time magazine, and in 1998 received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences.

06 Dec 2002, Henley On Klip, Gauteng Province, South Africa - Nelson Mandela places his arm around the shoulders of author and talk show host Oprah Winfrey at the launch of her $10 million Leadership Academy for Girls in South Africa. She described Mandela as her "hero" and he called her a "queen." - Photo by Louise Gubb/Corbis Saba - Image by © Louise Gubb/Corbis
December 6, 2002: Henley On Klip, Gauteng Province, South Africa: Nelson Mandela places his arm around the shoulders of author and talk show host Oprah Winfrey at the launch of her $10 million Leadership Academy for Girls in South Africa. She described Mandela as her “hero” and he called her a “queen.” (Louise Gubb/Corbis)

Despite her complete dominance of the daytime talk show field, Oprah Winfrey had not given up her acting ambitions. In 1998, she produced and starred in the feature film Beloved, adapted from the book by the Nobel Prize-winning American author Toni Morrison. Winfrey has long used her television program to champion the works of authors she admires, including Morrison, and her longtime friend Maya Angelou. Her influence over the publishing industry exploded when she began her on-air book club in 1996. “Oprah Book Club” selections became instant bestsellers, and in 1999 Winfrey received the National Book Foundation’s 50th-anniversary gold medal for her service to books and authors. She herself has authored five books. A book on weight loss, co-written with her personal trainer, received a publisher’s advance fee reported to be the highest in history.

Oprah Winfrey cuts ribbon at the Leadership Academy, a school for girls in South Africa on January 2, 2007. (© Bettman/CORBIS)
January 2007: Oprah Winfrey cuts the ribbon at the Leadership Academy, a school for girls in South Africa. (Corbis)

Oprah Winfrey’s business interests have extended well beyond her own production company. She is one of the partners in Oxygen Media, Inc., a cable channel and interactive network presenting programming designed primarily for women. With her success, she has also become one of the world’s most generous philanthropists. In 2000, Oprah’s Angel Network began presenting a $100,000 “Use Your Life Award” to people who are using their own lives to improve the lives of others. She now publishes two magazines: O, The Oprah Magazine, and O at Home. The launch of her first magazine was the most successful start-up in the history of the industry. When Forbes published its list of America’s billionaires for the year 2003, it disclosed that Oprah Winfrey was the first African American woman to become a billionaire.

Oprah Winfrey joins Barack and Michelle Obama on the presidential campaign trail on December 10, 2007.
December 2007: Oprah Winfrey joins Senator Barack Obama and his wife, Michelle, on presidential campaign trail.

The Oprah Winfrey Show remained as popular as ever, airing in 140 countries around the world. Many of her regular guests, including Dr. Phil McGraw and Dr. Mehmet Oz, have gone on to shows of their own, produced by Oprah’s Harpo Productions. Over the years, she has also used her program to promote the many philanthropic ventures she supports. After filming a Christmas program in South Africa, she established the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy for Girls, near Johannesburg. Her legendary generosity has extended not only to her favorite charities, but to her loyal viewers. She celebrated the beginning of her 20th season on national television by giving every member of the studio audience a brand new Pontiac automobile.

November 20, 2013: President Barack Obama presents Oprah with the Presidential Medal of Freedom during a ceremony in the East Room of the White House in Washington. The medal is the country
November 20, 2013: President Barack Obama presents Oprah Winfrey with Presidential Medal of Freedom during a ceremony in the East Room of the White House in Washington. The medal is the country’s foremost civilian honor.

Two decades after she first established herself as a national presence, Oprah Winfrey was still devoting much of her prodigious energy to film and television production. In 2005, she produced a film adaptation of Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God, with a screenplay by Suzan-Lori Parks. The same year, she produced a successful Broadway musical version of The Color Purple. As an actress, she has been heard in a number of successful animated films, including Charlotte’s Web, Bee Movie and The Princess and the Frog.

2014: Oprah Winfrey presents Sidney Poitier with the Gold Medal of the Academy of Achievement in Los Angeles.

In the 2008 presidential election, Winfrey publicly endorsed a political candidate for the first time, hosting a fundraiser for Senator Barack Obama and appearing with him at campaign events. It is widely believed that her support was crucial to his winning the Democratic nomination — and the presidency itself. In that election year, she also announced plans for a new broadcasting venture with the Discovery Health Channel, to be renamed Oprah Winfrey Network (OWN). In a 2010 interview on the Larry King program at the end of that year, she announced her decision to end her run on The Oprah Winfrey Show. The final broadcast took place on May 25, 2011, after 24 seasons and over 5,000 broadcasts. The end of the syndicated program was not the end of Oprah Winfrey’s broadcasting career. She now hosts a nightly program, Oprah’s Lifeclass, on the Oprah Winfrey Network.

September 24, 2016: Oprah Winfrey and actor Will Smith greet the crowd before quoting poems of famous African American poets during the dedication of the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C., before the museum opens to the public later that day. The museum is a Smithsonian Institution museum located on the National Mall featuring African American history and culture in the United States. (Astrid Riecken/Getty Images)
September 24, 2016: Oprah Winfrey and actor Will Smith greet the crowd before quoting poems of famous African American poets during the dedication of the inspiring National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C., before the museum opens to the public later that day. The museum is a Smithsonian Institution museum located on the National Mall featuring African American history and culture in the United States. (Getty)

Oprah Winfrey makes her principal home on a 42-acre ocean-view estate in Montecito, California, just south of Santa Barbara, but also owns homes in another six states and the island of Antigua. The business press measures her wealth in numerous superlatives: the highest-paid performer on television, the richest self-made woman in America, and the richest African American of the 20th century. More difficult to calculate is her profound influence over the way people everywhere read, eat, exercise, feel and think about themselves and the world around them. She appears on every list of leading opinion-makers, and has been rightly called “the most powerful woman in the world.” Her wide-ranging philanthropic efforts were recognized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2011 with a special Oscar statuette, the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award. In 2013, President Barack Obama awarded her the nation’s highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Oprah Winfrey has also donated more than $20 million to the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of African American History and Culture. On September 24, 2016, she participated in a dedication ceremony during the grand opening of the Washington, D.C. museum, which includes the 350-seat Oprah Winfrey Theater, named in her honor.

December 6, 2023: Oprah Winfrey attended the Los Angeles premiere of The Color Purple, directed by Blitz Bazawule, ahead of its U.S. theatrical release on December 25. This film is a musical adaptation of the Broadway play, which had successful runs in 2005 and 2015. Both the play and this latest movie, along with the original 1985 film starring Winfrey and directed by Spielberg, are adaptations of Alice Walker’s 1982 novel The Color Purple.

As Oprah Winfrey celebrated her 70th birthday in early 2024, it marked a period rich with personal growth and introspection, particularly highlighted by her involvement with OprahDaily.com. This period also saw Oprah openly admitting to using weight-loss medication for her dramatic body transformation, a notable shift from her previous stance of denying the use of drugs like Ozempic for weight loss. She candidly addressed her weight struggles, sharing a pivotal realization: “I realized I’d been blaming myself all these years for being overweight, and I have a predisposition that no amount of willpower is going to control. Obesity is a disease. It’s not about willpower — it’s about the brain.” This insight marked a significant shift in her approach to health, as she acknowledged the complexity of obesity and the role of medical intervention in her journey.